Phonetics
(pronounced /fəˈnɛtɪks/, from the Greek: φωνή, phōnē, 'sound, voice')
is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of
human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of
sign.[1] It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds
or signs (phones): their physiological production, acoustic properties,
auditory perception, and neurophysiological status. Phonology, on the
other hand, is concerned with the abstract, grammatical characterization
of systems of sounds or signs.
The
field of phonetics is a multilayered subject of linguistics that
focuses on speech. In the case of oral languages there are three basic
areas of study:
Articulatory phonetics: the study of the production of speech sounds by the articulatory and vocal tract by the speaker.
Acoustic phonetics: the study of the physical transmission of speech sounds from the speaker to the listener.
Auditory phonetics: the study of the reception and perception of speech sounds by the listener.
These areas are inter-connected through the common mechanism of sound, such as wavelength (pitch), amplitude, and harmonics.
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